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2020

Structural and Biochemical Characterization of Botulinum Neurotoxin Subtype B2 Binding to Its Receptors.
Davies JR, Masuyer G, Stenmark P. (2020). Toxins (Basel) PMID: 32957706DOI: E603 BBID: D145 AE36

2019

Engineered botulinum neurotoxin B with improved binding to human receptors has enhanced efficacy in preclinical models.
Elliott M, Favre-Guilmard C, Liu SM, Maignel J, Masuyer G, Beard M, Boone C, Carré D, Kalinichev M, Lezmi S, Mir I, Nicoleau C, Palan S, Perier C, Raban E, Zhang S, Dong M, Stenmark P, Krupp J. (2019). Sci Adv PMID: 30746458DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aau7196 BBID: D145

Botulinum Neurotoxin Light Chains Expressed by Defective Herpes Simplex Virus Type-1 Vectors Cleave SNARE Proteins and Inhibit CGRP Release in Rat Sensory Neurons.
Joussain C, Le Coz O, Pichugin A, Marconi P, Lim F, Sicurella M, Salonia A, Montorsi F, Wandosell F, Foster K, Giuliano F, Epstein AL, Aranda Muñoz A. (2019). Toxins (Basel) PMID: 30791373DOI: 10.3390/toxins11020123 BBID: D356 0179 C378 CE39 AD49 DF19

Botulinum neurotoxin serotype D - a potential treatment alternative for BoNT/A and B non-responding patients
Kutschenkoa et al. (Accepted Manuscript, In Press) (2019). Clinical Neurophysiology PMID: 30871800DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2019.02.007 BBID: CE39

Crystal structure of the catalytic domain of the Weissela oryzae botulinum-like toxin.
Košenina S, Masuyer G, Zhang S, Dong M, Stenmark P. (2019). FEBS Lett. PMID: 31111466DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13446 BBID: F013

Gangliosides interact with synaptotagmin to form the high-affinity receptor complex for botulinum neurotoxin B.
Flores A, Ramirez-Franco J, Desplantes R, Debreux K, Ferracci G, Wernert F, Blanchard MP, Maulet Y, Youssouf F, Sangiardi M, Iborra C, Popoff MR, Seagar M, Fantini J, Lévêque C, El Far O. (2019). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. PMID: 31431523DOI: 201908051 BBID: D145

The Novel Clostridial Neurotoxin Produced by Strain IBCA10-7060 Is Immunologically Equivalent to BoNT/HA.
Fan Y, Barash JR, Conrad F, Lou J, Tam C, Cheng LW, Arnon SS, Marks JD. (2019). Toxins (Basel) PMID: 31877649DOI: 10.3390/toxins12010009 BBID: C045

A neurotoxin that specifically targets Anopheles mosquitoes.
Contreras E., Masuyer G., Qureshi N., Chawla S., Dhillon H.S., Lee H.L., Chen J., Stenmark P., Gill S.S. (2019). Nature Communications PMID: 31253776DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10732-w BBID:

A neurotoxin that specifically targets Anopheles mosquitoes.
Contreras E., Masuyer G., Qureshi N., Chawla S., Dhillon H.S., Lee H.L., Chen J., Stenmark P., Gill S.S. (2019). Nature Communications PMID: 31253776DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10732-w BBID: EF01

2018

Identification of a novel botulinum neurotoxin gene cluster in Enterococcus.
Brunt J, Carter AT, Stringer SC, Peck MW. (2018). FEBS Lett. PMID: 29323697DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12969 BBID: DE18

Identification of a Botulinum Neurotoxin-like Toxin in a Commensal Strain of Enterococcus faecium.
Zhang S, Lebreton F, Mansfield MJ, Miyashita SI, Zhang J, Schwartzman JA, Tao L, Masuyer G, Martínez-Carranza M, Stenmark P, Gilmore MS, Doxey AC, Dong M. (2018). Cell Host Microbe PMID: 29396040DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2017.12.018 BBID: DE18

A lipid-binding loop of botulinum neurotoxin serotypes B, DC and G is an essential feature to confer their exquisite potency.
Stern D, Weisemann J, Le Blanc A, von Berg L, Mahrhold S, Piesker J, Laue M, Luppa PB, Dorner MB, Dorner BG, Rummel A. (2018). PLoS Pathog. PMID: 29718991DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007048 BBID: AEF5 ACD0 C345

The Light Chain Defines the Duration of Action of Botulinum Toxin Serotype A Subtypes.
Pellett S, Bradshaw M, Tepp WH, Pier CL, Whitemarsh RCM, Chen C, Barbieri JT, Johnson EA. (2018). MBio PMID: 29588398DOI: 10.1128/mBio.00089-18 BBID: D356 AC46

High resolution crystal structures of the receptor-binding domain of neurotoxin serotypes A and FA.
Davies JR, Hackett GS, Liu SM, Acharya KR. (2018). PeerJ PMID: 29576992DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4552 BBID: D356 C045

Structural characterisation of the catalytic domain of botulinum neurotoxin X - high activity and unique substrate specificity.
Masuyer G, Zhang S, Barkho S, Shen Y, Henriksson L, Košenina S, Dong M, Stenmark P. (2018). Sci Rep PMID: 29540745DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22842-4 BBID: F347

Purification and Characterization of Recombinant Botulinum Neurotoxin Serotype FA, Also Known as Serotype H.
Hackett G, Moore K, Burgin D, Hornby F, Gray B, Elliott M, Mir I, Beard M. (2018). Toxins (Basel) PMID: 29751611DOI: 10.3390/toxins10050195 BBID: C045 C045

Crystal Structure of Botulinum Neurotoxin A2 in Complex with the Human Protein Receptor SV2C Reveals Plasticity in Receptor Binding.
Gustafsson R, Zhang S, Masuyer G, Dong M, Stenmark P. (2018). Toxins (Basel) PMID: 29649119DOI: 10.3390/toxins10040153 BBID: CEF8

Botulinum Neurotoxin F Subtypes Cleaving the VAMP-2 Q⁻K Peptide Bond Exhibit Unique Catalytic Properties and Substrate Specificities.
Sikorra S, Skiba M, Dorner MB, Weisemann J, Weil M, Valdezate S, Davletov B, Rummel A, Dorner BG, Binz T. (2018). Toxins (Basel) PMID: 30071628DOI: 10.3390/toxins10080311 BBID: F268

Structural and biochemical characterization of the protease domain of the mosaic botulinum neurotoxin type HA.
Lam KH, Sikorra S, Weisemann J, Maatsch H, Perry K, Rummel A, Binz T, Jin R. (2018). Pathog Dis PMID: 29688327DOI: 10.1093/femspd/fty044 BBID: C045

Comparison of efficacy and toxicity between botulinum toxin subtypes A1 and A2 in cynomolgus macaques.
Torii Y, Sasaki M, Shin MC, Akaike N, Kaji R. (2018). Toxicon PMID: 30193802DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2018.08.017 BBID: CEF8 D356

Isolation and Characterization of the Novel Botulinum Neurotoxin A Subtype 6.
Moritz MS, Tepp WH, Bradshaw M, Johnson EA, Pellett S. (2018). mSphere PMID: 30355669DOI: 10.1128/mSphere.00466-18 BBID: AC09

A viral-fusion-peptide-like molecular switch drives membrane insertion of botulinum neurotoxin A1.
Lam KH, Guo Z, Krez N, Matsui T, Perry K, Weisemann J, Rummel A, Bowen ME, Jin R. (2018). Nat Commun PMID: 30560862DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07789-4 BBID: ADF1

In Silico Mutagenesis: Decreasing the Immunogenicity of Botulinum Toxin Type A.
Evander Emeltan Tjoa S, Maria Vianney Y, Emantoko Dwi Putra S. (2018). J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn. PMID: 30558486DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2018.1559100 BBID: D158

2017

Identification and characterization of a novel botulinum neurotoxin.
Zhang S, Masuyer G, Zhang J, Shen Y, Lundin D, Henriksson L, Miyashita SI, Martinez-Carranza M, Dong M, Stenmark P. (2017). Nat Commun. PMID: 28770820DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14130 BBID: F347

Crystal Structure of the Receptor-Binding Domain of Botulinum Neurotoxin Type HA, Also Known as Type FA or H.
Yao G, Lam KH, Perry K, Weisemann J, Rummel A, Jin R. (2017). Toxins. PMID: 28282873DOI: 10.3390/toxins9030093 BBID: C045

Substrate cleavage and duration of action of botulinum neurotoxin type FA ("H, HA").
Pellett S, Tepp WH, Lin G, Johnson EA. (2017). Toxicon. PMID: 29273248DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2017.12.048 BBID: C045

High resolution crystal structures of Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin A3 and A4 binding domains.
Davies JR, Rees J, Liu SM, Acharya KR. (2017). J Struct Biol. PMID: 29288126DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2017.12.010 BBID: AD28 AC46

Differentiating Botulinum Neurotoxin-Producing Clostridia with a Simple, Multiplex PCR Assay.
Williamson CHD, Vazquez AJ, Hill K, Smith TJ, Nottingham R, Stone NE, Sobek CJ, Cocking JH, Fernández RA, Caballero PA, Leiser OP, Keim P, Sahl JW. (2017). Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PMID: 28733282DOI: 10.1128/AEM.00806-17 BBID:

Structural basis for the unique ganglioside and cell membrane recognition mechanism of botulinum neurotoxin DC.
Zhang S, Berntsson RP, Tepp WH, Tao L, Johnson EA, Stenmark P, Dong M. (2017). Nat Commun PMID: 29158482DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01534-z BBID: C345 CE39 DF15

Characterization of the functional activity of botulinum neurotoxin subtype B6.
Kohda T, Nakamura K, Hosomi K, Torii Y, Kozaki S, Mukamoto M. (2017). Microbiol. Immunol. PMID: 28898517DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12540 BBID: D036

The structure of the tetanus toxin reveals pH-mediated domain dynamics.
Masuyer G, Conrad J, Stenmark P. (2017). EMBO Rep. PMID: 28645943DOI: 10.15252/embr.201744198 BBID: E139

Augmentation of VAMP-catalytic activity of botulinum neurotoxin serotype B does not result in increased potency in physiological systems.
Elliott M, Maignel J, Liu SM, Favre-Guilmard C, Mir I, Farrow P, Hornby F, Marlin S, Palan S, Beard M, Krupp J. (2017). PLoS ONE PMID: 28982136DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185628 BBID: D145

Crystal structure of the BoNT/A2 receptor-binding domain in complex with the luminal domain of its neuronal receptor SV2C.
Benoit RM, Schärer MA, Wieser MM, Li X, Frey D, Kammerer RA. (2017). Sci Rep PMID: 28252640DOI: 10.1038/srep43588 BBID: CEF8

Engineered botulinum neurotoxin B with improved efficacy for targeting human receptors.
Tao L, Peng L, Berntsson RP, Liu SM, Park S, Yu F, Boone C, Palan S, Beard M, Chabrier PE, Stenmark P, Krupp J, Dong M. (2017). Nat Commun PMID: 28674381DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00064-y BBID: D145

Finished Whole-Genome Sequence of Producing Botulinum Neurotoxin Type G.
Halpin JL, Hill K, Johnson SL, Bruce DC, Shirey TB, Dykes JK, Lúquez C. (2017). Genome Announc PMID: 28546482DOI: 10.1128/genomeA.00380-17 BBID: A128

A Cell Line for Detection of Botulinum Neurotoxin Type B.
Rust A, Doran C, Hart R, Binz T, Stickings P, Sesardic D, Peden AA, Davletov B. (2017). Front Pharmacol PMID: 29170639DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00796 BBID: D145

2016

The first non Clostridial botulinum-like toxin cleaves VAMP within the juxtamembrane domain.
Zornetta I, Azarnia Tehran D, Arrigoni G, Anniballi F, Bano L, Leka O, Zanotti G, Binz T, Montecucco C. (2016). Sci Rep. PMID: 27443638DOI: 10.1038/srep30257 BBID: F013

Evolution of Chromosomal Clostridium botulinum Type E Neurotoxin Gene Clusters: Evidence Provided by Their Rare Plasmid-Borne Counterparts.
Carter AT, Austin JW, Weedmark KA, Peck MW. (2016). Genome Biol Evol. PMID: 26936890DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evw017 BBID: BD19

Purification and Characterization of Botulinum Neurotoxin FA from a Genetically Modified Clostridium botulinum Strain.
Pellett S, Tepp WH, Bradshaw M, Kalb SR, Dykes JK, Lin G, Nawrocki EM, Pier CL, Barr JR, Maslanka SE, Johnson EA. (2016). mSphere. PMID: 27303710DOI: 10.1128/mSphere.00100-15 BBID: C045

2015

First report of an infant botulism case due to Clostridium botulinum type Af.
de Jong LI, Fernandez RA, Pareja V, Giaroli G, Guidarelli SR, Dykes JK, Luquez C. (2015). J Clin Microbiol. PMID: 25502535DOI: 10.1128/JCM.02894-14 BBID: 0689

Genomic characterization of Italian Clostridium botulinum group I strains.
Giordani F, Fillo S, Anselmo A, Palozzi AM, Fortunato A, Gentile B, Azarnia Tehran D, Ciammaruconi A, Spagnolo F, Pittiglio V, Anniballi F, Auricchio B, De Medici D, Lista F. (2015). Infect Genet Evol. PMID: 26341861DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2015.08.042 BBID: CDE2 A129 F456 1269 D025

Whole-Genome Sequence of Clostridium botulinum A2B3 87, a Highly Virulent Strain Involved in a Fatal Case of Foodborne Botulism in Italy.
Giordani F, Fillo S, Anselmo A, Palozzi AM, Fortunato A, Gentile B, Pittiglio V, Spagnolo F, Anniballi F, Fiore A, Auricchio B, De Medici D, Lista F. (2015). Genome Announc. PMID: 25814616DOI: 10.1128/genomeA.00237-15 BBID: D679

Genomic sequences of six botulinum neurotoxin-producing strains representing three clostridial species illustrate the mobility and diversity of botulinum neurotoxin genes.
Smith TJ, Hill KK, Xie G, Foley BT, Williamson CH, Foster JT, Johnson SL, Chertkov O, Teshima H, Gibbons HS, Johnsky LA, Karavis MA, Smith LA. (2015). Infect Genet Evol. PMID: 25489752DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2014.12.002 BBID: BF04 2468 AE36 A128 B156

Isolation and functional characterization of the novel Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin A8 subtype.
Kull S, Schulz KM, Weisemann J, Kirchner S, Schreiber T, Bollenbach A, Dabrowski PW, Nitsche A, Kalb SR, Dorner MB, Barr JR, Rummel A, Dorner BG. (2015). PLoS One. PMID: 25658638DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116381 BBID: ABC6

An atypical outbreak of food-borne botulism due to Clostridium botulinum types B and E from ham.
Mazuet C, Sautereau J, Legeay C, Bouchier C, Bouvet P, Popoff MR. (2015). J Clin Microbiol. PMID: 25428161DOI: 10.1128/JCM.02942-14 BBID: BCD1

Draft Genome Sequence of Clostridium botulinum Strain 277-00 Type B2.
Mazuet C, Bouchier C, Popoff MR. (2015). Genome Announc. PMID: 25838479DOI: 10.1128/genomeA.00211-15 BBID: BF25

Draft Genome Sequence of Clostridium botulinum B2 450 Strain from Wound Botulism in a Drug User in Italy.
Fillo S, Giordani F, Anselmo A, Fortunato A, Palozzi AM, De Santis R, Ciammaruconi A, Spagnolo F, Anniballi F, Fiore A, Auricchio B, De Medici D, Lista F. (2015). Genome Announc PMID: 25838491DOI: 10.1128/genomeA.00238-15 BBID: F078

Draft Genome Sequences of 17 French Clostridium botulinum Group III Strains.
Woudstra C, Le Maréchal C, Souillard R, Bayon-Auboyer MH, Mermoud I, Desoutter D, Fach P. (2015). Genome Announc PMID: 26430029DOI: 10.1128/genomeA.01105-15 BBID: BD02

Botulinum neurotoxin homologs in non-Clostridium species.
Mansfield MJ, Adams JB, Doxey AC. (2015). FEBS Lett. PMID: 25541486DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.12.018 BBID: F013 F013

Laboratory Investigation of the First Case of Botulism Caused by Clostridium butyricum Type E Toxin in the United States.
Dykes JK, Lúquez C, Raphael BH, McCroskey L, Maslanka SE. (2015). J. Clin. Microbiol. PMID: 26246485DOI: 10.1128/JCM.01351-15 BBID: F145

Comparative characterization of botulinum neurotoxin subtypes F1 and F7 featuring differential substrate recognition and cleavage mechanisms.
Guo J, Chan EW, Chen S. (2015). Toxicon PMID: 26748154DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2015.12.020 BBID: F068 DF19

2014

Whole-genome single-nucleotide-polymorphism analysis for discrimination of Clostridium botulinum group I strains.
Gonzalez-Escalona N, Timme R, Raphael BH, Zink D, Sharma SK. (2014). Appl Environ Microbiol. PMID: 24463972DOI: 10.1128/AEM.03934-13 BBID: BF04

Draft Genome Sequence of Weissella oryzae SG25T, Isolated from Fermented Rice Grains.
Tanizawa Y, Fujisawa T, Mochizuki T, Kaminuma E, Suzuki Y, Nakamura Y, Tohno M. (2014). Genome Announc. PMID: 25013139DOI: 10.1128/genomeA.00667-14 BBID: F013

Molecular characterization of Clostridium botulinum isolates from foodborne outbreaks in Thailand, 2010.
Wangroongsarb P, Kohda T, Jittaprasartsin C, Suthivarakom K, Kamthalang T, Umeda K, Sawanpanyalert P, Kozaki S, Ikuta K. (2014). PLoS One. PMID: 24475015DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077792 BBID: E489 C678

Draft Genome Sequence of Bivalent Clostridium botulinum Strain IBCA10-7060, Encoding Botulinum Neurotoxin B and a New FA Mosaic Type.
Gonzalez-Escalona N, Thirunavukkarasu N, Singh A, Toro M, Brown EW, Zink D, Rummel A, Sharma SK. (2014). Genome Announc. PMID: 25502671DOI: 10.1128/genomeA.01275-14 BBID: C045 ABC8

Two novel toxin variants revealed by whole-genome sequencing of 175 Clostridium botulinum type E strains.
Weedmark KA, Lambert DL, Mabon P, Hayden KL, Urfano CJ, Leclair D, Van Domselaar G, Austin JW, Corbett CR. (2014). Appl Environ Microbiol. PMID: 25107978DOI: 10.1128/AEM.01573-14 BBID: AC04 A379 DE59 CD15 D247 D247 B257

Three classes of plasmid (47-63 kb) carry the type B neurotoxin gene cluster of group II Clostridium botulinum.
Carter AT, Austin JW, Weedmark KA, Corbett C, Peck MW. (2014). Genome Biol Evol. PMID: 25079343DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evu164 BBID: BCF6 ACD0

Genetic characterization and comparison of Clostridium botulinum isolates from botulism cases in Japan between 2006 and 2011.
Kenri T, Sekizuka T, Yamamoto A, Iwaki M, Komiya T, Hatakeyama T, Nakajima H, Takahashi M, Kuroda M, Shibayama K. (2014). Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PMID: 25192986DOI: 10.1128/AEM.02134-14 BBID: AD02 D678 D036 AD34 C237

Plasmidome interchange between Clostridium botulinum, Clostridium novyi and Clostridium haemolyticum converts strains of independent lineages into distinctly different pathogens.
Skarin H, Segerman B. (2014). PLoS ONE PMID: 25254374DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107777 BBID: D068

Arrangement of the Clostridium baratii F7 toxin gene cluster with identification of a σ factor that recognizes the botulinum toxin gene cluster promoters.
Dover N, Barash JR, Burke JN, Hill KK, Detter JC, Arnon SS. (2014). PLoS ONE PMID: 24853378DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097983 BBID:

Genome Sequence of the Neurotoxigenic Clostridium butyricum Strain 5521.
Hassan KA, Elbourne LD, Tetu SG, Johnson EA, Paulsen IT. (2014). Genome Announc PMID: 24970833DOI: 10.1128/genomeA.00632-14 BBID:

Genome of a chronic osteitis-causing Clostridium tetani.
Fournier PE, Levy PY, Million M, Croce O, Blanc-Tailleur C, Brouqui P, Raoult D. (2014). New Microbes New Infect PMID: 25356334DOI: 10.1002/2052-2975.27 BBID: 0128

Persistence of botulinum neurotoxin a subtypes 1-5 in primary rat spinal cord cells.
Whitemarsh RC, Tepp WH, Johnson EA, Pellett S. (2014). PLoS ONE PMID: 24587301DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090252 BBID: D356 CEF8 AE56 0238

2013

Genome Sequence of the Group III Clostridium botulinum Strain Eklund-C.
Hassan KA, Tetu SG, Elbourne LD, Johnson EA, Paulsen IT. (2013). Genome Announc. PMID: 23516187DOI: 10.1128/genomeA.00044-13 BBID: D014

Two simultaneous botulism outbreaks in Barcelona: Clostridium baratii and Clostridium botulinum.
Lafuente S, Nolla J, Valdezate S, Tortajada C, Vargas-Leguas H, Parron I, Sáez-Nieto JA, Portaña S, Carrasco G, Moguel E, Sabate S, Argelich R, Caylà JA. (2013). Epidemiol. Infect. PMID: 23158693DOI: 10.1017/S0950268812002592 BBID: 5789

Improved detection methods by genetic and immunological techniques for botulinum C/D and D/C mosaic neurotoxins.
Nakamura K, Kohda T, Seto Y, Mukamoto M, Kozaki S. (2013). Vet. Microbiol. PMID: 23206412DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.11.009 BBID: BE01 E236 DEF6 0789 DF15

Clostridium botulinum strain Af84 contains three neurotoxin gene clusters: bont/A2, bont/F4 and bont/F5.
Dover N, Barash JR, Hill KK, Davenport KW, Teshima H, Xie G, Arnon SS. (2013). PLoS ONE PMID: 23637798DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061205 BBID: CEF8 E567 CF09

Application of high-density DNA resequencing microarray for detection and characterization of botulinum neurotoxin-producing clostridia.
Vanhomwegen J, Berthet N, Mazuet C, Guigon G, Vallaeys T, Stamboliyska R, Dubois P, Kennedy GC, Cole ST, Caro V, Manuguerra JC, Popoff MR. (2013). PLoS ONE PMID: 23818983DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067510 BBID:

Structure of dual receptor binding to botulinum neurotoxin B.
Berntsson RP, Peng L, Dong M, Stenmark P. (2013). Nat Commun PMID: 23807078DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3058 BBID: D145

Crystal structures of botulinum neurotoxin DC in complex with its protein receptors synaptotagmin I and II.
Berntsson RP, Peng L, Svensson LM, Dong M, Stenmark P. (2013). Structure PMID: 23932591DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2013.06.026 BBID: C345

2012

Genetic diversity among Clostridium botulinum strains harboring bont/A2 and bont/A3 genes.
Luquez C, Raphael BH, Joseph LA, Meno SR, Fernandez RA, Maslanka SE. (2012). Appl Environ Microbiol. PMID: 23042179DOI: 10.1128/AEM.02428-12 BBID: B237 AB06

Analysis of a unique Clostridium botulinum strain from the Southern hemisphere producing a novel type E botulinum neurotoxin subtype.
Raphael BH, Lautenschlager M, Kalb SR, de Jong LI, Frace M, Luquez C, Barr JR, Fernandez RA, Maslanka SE. (2012). BMC Microbiol. PMID: 23113872DOI: 10.1186/1471-2180-12-245 BBID: BCF8 0138 BC79 B157 A357 AD49

Human synaptotagmin-II is not a high affinity receptor for botulinum neurotoxin B and G: increased therapeutic dosage and immunogenicity.
Strotmeier J, Willjes G, Binz T, Rummel A. (2012). FEBS Lett. PMID: 22265973DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2011.12.037 BBID: AEF5

De novo subtype and strain identification of botulinum neurotoxin type B through toxin proteomics.
Kalb SR, Baudys J, Rees JC, Smith TJ, Smith LA, Helma CH, Hill K, Kull S, Kirchner S, Dorner MB, Dorner BG, Pirkle JL, Barr JR. (2012). Anal Bioanal Chem PMID: 22395449DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-5767-3 BBID: CEF0

Botulinum neurotoxin serotype C associates with dual ganglioside receptors to facilitate cell entry.
Karalewitz AP, Fu Z, Baldwin MR, Kim JJ, Barbieri JT. (2012). J. Biol. Chem. PMID: 23027864DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M112.404244 BBID: C378

Discovery of a novel enzymatic cleavage site for botulinum neurotoxin F5.
Kalb SR, Baudys J, Webb RP, Wright P, Smith TJ, Smith LA, Fernández R, Raphael BH, Maslanka SE, Pirkle JL, Barr JR. (2012). FEBS Lett. PMID: 22172278DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2011.11.033 BBID: CF09

Botulinum neurotoxin D-C uses synaptotagmin I and II as receptors, and human synaptotagmin II is not an effective receptor for type B, D-C and G toxins.
Peng L, Berntsson RP, Tepp WH, Pitkin RM, Johnson EA, Stenmark P, Dong M. (2012). J. Cell. Sci. PMID: 22454523DOI: 10.1242/jcs.103564 BBID: C345

2011

Analysis of Clostridium botulinum serotype E strains by using multilocus sequence typing, amplified fragment length polymorphism, variable-number tandem-repeat analysis, and botulinum neurotoxin gene sequencing.
Macdonald TE, Helma CH, Shou Y, Valdez YE, Ticknor LO, Foley BT, Davis SW, Hannett GE, Kelly-Cirino CD, Barash JR, Arnon SS, Lindstrom M, Korkeala H, Smith LA, Smith TJ, Hill KK. (2011). Appl Environ Microbiol. PMID: 22003031DOI: 10.1128/AEM.05155-11 BBID: BCF8 ACEF ADE2

Novel structural elements within the nonproteolytic clostridium botulinum type F toxin gene cluster.
Dover N, Barash JR, Hill KK, Detter JC, Arnon SS. (2011). Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PMID: 21183631DOI: 10.1128/AEM.02422-10 BBID: F579

Botulinum neurotoxin D uses synaptic vesicle protein SV2 and gangliosides as receptors.
Peng L, Tepp WH, Johnson EA, Dong M. (2011). PLoS Pathog. PMID: 21483489DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002008 BBID: CE39

2010

Detection and differentiation of Clostridium botulinum type A strains using a focused DNA microarray.
Raphael BH, Joseph LA, McCroskey LM, Luquez C, Maslanka SE. (2010). Mol Cell Probes. PMID: 20056143DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2009.12.003 BBID: BE12 ADF1 CF67 AC46

Further characterization of proteolytic Clostridium botulinum type A5 reveals that neurotoxin formation is unaffected by loss of the cntR (botR) promoter sigma factor binding site.
Carter AT, Mason DR, Grant KA, Franciosa G, Aureli P, Peck MW. (2010). J Clin Microbiol. PMID: 20042627DOI: 10.1128/JCM.01774-09 BBID: 0147

Sequence diversity of genes encoding botulinum neurotoxin type F.
Raphael BH, Choudoir MJ, Luquez C, Fernandez R, Maslanka SE. (2010). Appl Environ Microbiol. PMID: 20511432DOI: 10.1128/AEM.03109-09 BBID: DF19 CF09 A258 F579 E486 BD57 C237

Crystal structure of the botulinum neurotoxin type G binding domain: insight into cell surface binding.
Stenmark P, Dong M, Dupuy J, Chapman ER, Stevens RC. (2010). J Mol Biol. PMID: 20219474DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2010.02.041 BBID: AEF5

Structural analysis of botulinum neurotoxin type G receptor binding.
Schmitt J1, Karalewitz A, Benefield DA, Mushrush DJ, Pruitt RN, Spiller BW, Barbieri JT, Lacy DB. (2010). Biochemistry. PMID: 20507178DOI: 10.1021/bi100412v BBID: AEF5

Real-time PCR for Clostridium botulinum type C neurotoxin (BoNTC) gene, also covering a chimeric C/D sequence--application on outbreaks of botulism in poultry.
Lindberg A, Skarin H, Knutsson R, Blomqvist G, Båverud V. (2010). Vet. Microbiol. PMID: 20537470DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.04.030 BBID: D068 BD02

Characterization of the D/C mosaic neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum associated with bovine botulism in Japan.
Nakamura K, Kohda T, Umeda K, Yamamoto H, Mukamoto M, Kozaki S. (2010). Vet. Microbiol. PMID: 19720474DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.07.023 BBID: C345 DEF6

First report worldwide of an infant botulism case due to Clostridium botulinum type E.
Lúquez C, Dykes JK, Yu PA, Raphael BH, Maslanka SE. (2010). J. Clin. Microbiol. PMID: 19906896DOI: 10.1128/JCM.01420-09 BBID: F026

2009

Novel Clostridium botulinum toxin gene arrangement with subtype A5 and partial subtype B3 botulinum neurotoxin genes.
Dover N, Barash JR, Arnon SS. (2009). J Clin Microbiol. PMID: 19420169DOI: 10.1128/JCM.00799-09 BBID: 0238

Neurotoxin gene clusters in Clostridium botulinum type Ab strains.
Luquez C, Raphael BH, Maslanka SE. (2009). Appl Environ Microbiol. PMID: 19684172DOI: 10.1128/AEM.01009-09 BBID: AC09 0267

Comparative genomic hybridization analysis of two predominant Nordic group I (proteolytic) Clostridium botulinum type B clusters.
Lindström M, Hinderink K, Somervuo P, Kiviniemi K, Nevas M, Chen Y, Auvinen P, Carter AT, Mason DR, Peck MW, Korkeala H. (2009). Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PMID: 19270141DOI: 10.1128/AEM.02557-08 BBID: CF23 1269

Genetic characterization of Clostridium botulinum associated with type B infant botulism in Japan.
Umeda K, Seto Y, Kohda T, Mukamoto M, Kozaki S. (2009). J. Clin. Microbiol. PMID: 19571018DOI: 10.1128/JCM.00077-09 BBID: D036 F358

Mode of VAMP substrate recognition and inhibition of Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin F.
Agarwal R, Schmidt JJ, Stafford RG, Swaminathan S. (2009). Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. PMID: 19543288DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.1626 BBID: DF19

2008

Analysis of neurotoxin cluster genes in Clostridium botulinum strains producing botulinum neurotoxin serotype A subtypes.
Jacobson MJ, Lin G, Raphael B, Andreadis J, Johnson EA. (2008). Appl Environ Microbiol. PMID: 18326685DOI: 10.1128/AEM.02828-07 BBID: AD28 1789

Phylogenetic analysis of Clostridium botulinum type A by multi-locus sequence typing.
Jacobson MJ, Lin G, Whittam TS, Johnson EA. (2008). Microbiology. PMID: 18667573DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.2008/016915-0 BBID: AE56

2007

Genome sequence of a proteolytic (Group I) Clostridium botulinum strain Hall A and comparative analysis of the clostridial genomes.
Sebaihia M, Peck MW, Minton NP, Thomson NR, Holden MT, Mitchell WJ, Carter AT, Bentley SD, Mason DR, Crossman L, Paul CJ, Ivens A, Wells-Bennik MH, Davis IJ, Cerdeno-Tarraga AM, Churcher C, Quail MA, Chillingworth T, Feltwell T, Fraser A, Goodhead I, Hanc (2007). Genome Res. PMID: 17519437DOI: 10.1101/gr.6282807 BBID: D356

Genetic diversity among Botulinum Neurotoxin-producing clostridial strains.
Hill KK, Smith TJ, Helma CH, Ticknor LO, Foley BT, Svensson RT, Brown JL, Johnson EA, Smith LA, Okinaka RT, Jackson PJ, Marks JD. (2007). J Bacteriol. PMID: 17114256DOI: 10.1128/JB.01180-06 BBID: E028 D145 C369 E478 0237 AD02 F358 A129 ABD3 A357 AD49

Analysis of the neurotoxin complex genes in Clostridium botulinum A1-A4 and B1 strains: BoNT/A3, /Ba4 and /B1 clusters are located within plasmids.
Smith TJ, Hill KK, Foley BT, Detter JC, Munk AC, Bruce DC, Doggett NA, Smith LA, Marks JD, Xie G, Brettin TS. (2007). PLoS ONE PMID: 18060065DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0001271 BBID: 1789 D356

Protection with recombinant Clostridium botulinum C1 and D binding domain subunit (Hc) vaccines against C and D neurotoxins.
Webb RP, Smith TJ, Wright PM, Montgomery VA, Meagher MM, Smith LA. (2007). Vaccine PMID: 17395341BBID: C345

Sequencing the botulinum neurotoxin gene and related genes in Clostridium botulinum type E strains reveals orfx3 and a novel type E neurotoxin subtype.
Chen Y, Korkeala H, Aarnikunnas J, Lindström M. (2007). J. Bacteriol. PMID: 17905976BBID: ADE2 A126

2005

Crystal structure of botulinum neurotoxin type G light chain: serotype divergence in substrate recognition.
Arndt JW, Yu W, Bi F, Stevens RC. (2005). Biochemistry. PMID: 16008342DOI: 10.1021/bi0505924 BBID: AEF5

Characterization of the neurotoxin produced by isolates associated with avian botulism.
Takeda M, Tsukamoto K, Kohda T, Matsui M, Mukamoto M, Kozaki S. (2005). Avian Dis. PMID: 16252491DOI: 10.1637/7347-022305R1.1 BBID: 0789 BD02 DF15

Binding of Clostridium botulinum type C and D neurotoxins to ganglioside and phospholipid. Novel insights into the receptor for clostridial neurotoxins.
Tsukamoto K, Kohda T, Mukamoto M, Takeuchi K, Ihara H, Saito M, Kozaki S. (2005). J. Biol. Chem. PMID: 16115873DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M507596200 BBID: 0789

Structural analysis of botulinum neurotoxin serotype F light chain: implications on substrate binding and inhibitor design.
Agarwal R, Binz T, Swaminathan S. (2005). Biochemistry PMID: 16128577BBID: DF19

2004

Characterization of six type A strains of Clostridium botulinum that contain type B toxin gene sequences.
Kirma N, Ferreira JL, Baumstark BR. (2004). FEMS Microbiol Lett. PMID: 14987759DOI: 10.1016/S0378-1097(03)00911-X BBID: E267

2003

Sequence of the gene for Clostridium botulinum type B neurotoxin associated with infant botulism, expression of the C-terminal half of heavy chain and its binding activity.
Ihara H, Kohda T, Morimoto F, Tsukamoto K, Karasawa T, Nakamura S, Mukamoto M, Kozaki S. (2003). Biochim Biophys Acta. PMID: 12527421DOI: 10.1016/S0167-4781(02)00537-7 BBID: AE36

2002

In vitro reconstitution of the Clostridium botulinum type D progenitor toxin.
Kouguchi H, Watanabe T, Sagane Y, Sunagawa H, Ohyama T. (2002). J. Biol. Chem. PMID: 11713244DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M106762200 BBID:

1998

Characterization of the genes encoding the botulinum neurotoxin complex in a strain of Clostridium botulinum producing type B and F neurotoxins.
Santos-Buelga JA, Collins MD, East AK. (1998). Curr Microbiol. PMID: 26811110DOI: 10.1007/s002849900384 BBID: ABF5 1467

Molecular composition of the 16S toxin produced by a Clostridium botulinum type D strain, 1873.
Nakajima H, Inoue K, Ikeda T, Fujinaga Y, Sunagawa H, Takeshi K, Ohyama T, Watanabe T, Inoue K, Oguma K. (1998). Microbiol. Immunol. PMID: 9802560BBID:

1996

Molecular cloning of the gene encoding the mosaic neurotoxin, composed of parts of botulinum neurotoxin types C1 and D, and PCR detection of this gene from Clostridium botulinum type C organisms.
Moriishi K, Koura M, Fujii N, Fujinaga Y, Inoue K, Syuto B, Oguma K. (1996). Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PMID: 8593068BBID: EF29

Botulinum neurotoxin C1 cleaves both syntaxin and SNAP-25 in intact and permeabilized chromaffin cells: correlation with its blockade of catecholamine release.
Foran P, Lawrence GW, Shone CC, Foster KA, Dolly JO. (1996). Biochemistry PMID: 8611567BBID: DF15

1995

Botulinum neurotoxin type C cleaves a single Lys-Ala bond within the carboxyl-terminal region of syntaxins.
Schiavo G, Shone CC, Bennett MK, Scheller RH, Montecucco C. (1995). J. Biol. Chem. PMID: 7737992BBID: DF15

1994

Nucleotide sequence of the gene coding for non-proteolytic Clostridium botulinum type B neurotoxin: comparison with other clostridial neurotoxins.
Hutson RA, Collins MD, East AK, Thompson DE. (1994). Curr. Microbiol. PMID: 7764370BBID: ACD4

Conserved structure of genes encoding components of botulinum neurotoxin complex M and the sequence of the gene coding for the nontoxic component in nonproteolytic Clostridium botulinum type F.
East AK, Collins MD. (1994). Curr. Microbiol. PMID: 7764998BBID: 6789

1993

Nucleotide sequence of the gene coding for Clostridium botulinum (Clostridium argentinense) type G neurotoxin: genealogical comparison with other clostridial neurotoxins.
Campbell K, Collins MD, East AK. (1993). Biochim Biophys Acta. PMID: 8268233DOI: 10.1016/0167-4781(93)90020-E BBID: AEF5

Botulinum neurotoxin C1 blocks neurotransmitter release by means of cleaving HPC-1/syntaxin.
Blasi J, Chapman ER, Yamasaki S, Binz T, Niemann H, Jahn R. (1993). EMBO J. PMID: 7901002BBID: C378

Gene probes for identification of the botulinal neurotoxin gene and specific identification of neurotoxin types B, E, and F.
Campbell KD, Collins MD, East AK. (1993). J. Clin. Microbiol. PMID: 8408542BBID: 6789

Botulinum type A neurotoxin digested with pepsin yields 132, 97, 72, 45, 42, and 18 kD fragments.
Gimenez JA, DasGupta BR. (1993). J. Protein Chem. PMID: 8397793BBID: D356

Nucleotide sequence of the gene coding for Clostridium barati type F neurotoxin: comparison with other clostridial neurotoxins.
Thompson DE, Hutson RA, East AK, Allaway D, Collins MD, Richardson PT. (1993). FEMS Microbiol. Lett. PMID: 8486245DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1993.tb06095.x BBID: 0269

1992

Molecular cloning of the Clostridium botulinum structural gene encoding the type B neurotoxin and determination of its entire nucleotide sequence.
Whelan SM, Elmore MJ, Bodsworth NJ, Brehm JK, Atkinson T, Minton NP. (1992). Appl Environ Microbiol. PMID: 1514783BBID: D145

Sequences of the botulinal neurotoxin E derived from Clostridium botulinum type E (strain Beluga) and Clostridium butyricum (strains ATCC 43181 and ATCC 43755).
Poulet S, Hauser D, Quanz M, Niemann H, Popoff MR. (1992). Biochem Biophys Res Commun. PMID: 1543481BBID: A359 AF69

Sequence of the gene encoding type F neurotoxin of Clostridium botulinum.
East AK, Richardson PT, Allaway D, Collins MD, Roberts TA, Thompson DE. (1992). FEMS Microbiol. Lett. PMID: 1398040BBID: 6789

The complete amino acid sequence of the Clostridium botulinum type D neurotoxin, deduced by nucleotide sequence analysis of the encoding phage d-16 phi genome.
Sunagawa H, Ohyama T, Watanabe T, Inoue K. (1992). J. Vet. Med. Sci. PMID: 1420572BBID: CE39

1990

Nucleotide sequence of Clostridium botulinum C1 neurotoxin.
Hauser D, Eklund MW, Kurazono H, Binz T, Niemann H, Gill DM, Boquet P, Popoff MR. (1990). Nucleic Acids Res. PMID: 2204031BBID: C378

The complete nucleotide sequence of the gene coding for botulinum type C1 toxin in the C-ST phage genome.
Kimura K, Fujii N, Tsuzuki K, Murakami T, Indoh T, Yokosawa N, Takeshi K, Syuto B, Oguma K. (1990). Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PMID: 2222445BBID: C378

Nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin type D.
Binz T, Kurazono H, Popoff MR, Eklund MW, Sakaguchi G, Kozaki S, Krieglstein K, Henschen A, Gill DM, Niemann H. (1990). Nucleic Acids Res. PMID: 2216736BBID: CE39

1989

Characterization of botulinum type A neurotoxin gene: delineation of the N-terminal encoding region.
Betley MJ, Somers E, DasGupta BR. (1989). Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PMID: 2669749BBID: D356

1988

Establishment of a monoclonal antibody recognizing an antigenic site common to Clostridium botulinum type B, C1, D, and E toxins and tetanus toxin.
Tsuzuki K, Yokosawa N, Syuto B, Ohishi I, Fujii N, Kimura K, Oguma K. (1988). Infect. Immun. PMID: 2450068BBID: C378

0

The complete amino acid sequence of the Clostridium botulinum type A neurotoxin, deduced by nucleotide sequence analysis of the encoding gene.
Thompson DE, Brehm JK, Oultram JD, Swinfield TJ, Shone CC, Atkinson T, Melling J, Minton NP. (0). Eur. J. Biochem. PMID: 2185020BBID: D158

The complete sequence of botulinum neurotoxin type A and comparison with other clostridial neurotoxins.
Binz T, Kurazono H, Wille M, Frevert J, Wernars K, Niemann H. (0). J. Biol. Chem. PMID: 2160960BBID: D158

An outbreak of foodborne botulism in Surat Thani Province, Thailand, 2012.
Wangroongsarb P, Jittaprasartsin C, Suthivarakom K, Kamthalang T, Yeesoonsang S, Sangkitporn S. (0). Jpn. J. Infect. Dis. PMID: 23883854BBID: bd07


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